你的能力最好有你自尊心的一半

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老庄语:吾生也有涯,而知也无涯。以有涯随无涯,殆已。意思是生命有限,未知辽阔,用有限的生命求知到死。倘若,这条求知的生命恰好是天才,那死的多半比较早,所以就有天妒英才四字。事有蹊跷,这两日难道是与天才电影杠上了?莫名其妙看到《知无涯者》,简言之,故事讲述的是印度数学天才拉马努金与数学家哈代的故事。

开篇,拉马努金住在破庙里,四处找工作糊口,常常无功而返,终有同胞相助获取会计差事一份,效力当时的英国外贸进出口公司。拉马努金妻子登场,对他的笔记本感到好奇。这些是做什么的?我觉得大概就像是绘画吧,只是想象它由看不见的色彩构成。那有什么用处呢?可能对你来说用处不大,但对我来说这是一切。也许会有其他人看到并理解它。你看,水波,光的色彩,万物都有规律,在数学里呈现这些规律,如果你能看到,是很美妙的。拉马努金阐述数学的厉害,顺利获得太太对他的刮目。可见,这是为他俩后面的爱情部分做铺垫。

显然,工作有了着落的拉马努金仍迷于数学。上司及英人老板强烈给他建议,如此高级的知识,应该让全世界人认知。于是,通过书信,拉马努金又前进了一步,成功引起剑桥数学家哈代教授的注意。哈代邀请他前往英伦。母亲焦虑地对拉马努金说,我们是婆罗门教的人,不可以出海。这里提到的婆罗门,属于印度种姓制度最高层,历来是帝王贵族。然而,就拉马努金的境遇看,他们家可能是破落户。婆罗门中人,有对宗教的阐释,寓意族群中人更得神谕青睐。这点在影片尾声会有呼应。

说回拉马努金,在妻子为其削发,立下回家誓言之后,母亲也最终同意其前往剑桥。海港别离,印度洋的风吹起他母亲的沙丽,也鼓动拉马努金笔挺的西服,母亲叮嘱,千万不要吃英国食物,那是不洁的,会遭天谴。尽管,拉马努金旦旦点头,也暗示了他往后的劫难。

海上镜头,同船人与他言,六千英里,多么巨大到难以想象的遥远。拉马努金默默回应,我知道比这更大的数字。(天才的傲娇哪能是普通人能预见的)

画面转换,切自剑桥,哈代在众科学家中游说,力荐漂洋过海即将到来的印度人拉马努金。大家表示并不理解不信任哈代,只有助手支持哈代的执拗。拉马努金匆忙穿过庭院,被同窗拉回绕边行,并向他告知,只有科学家委员会成员才有资格踩踏草坪。不管是在他的家乡印度还是在君主立宪的宗主国英国,也有森严的高低贵贱,即便是在学养深厚的世界一流学府。

哈代对拉马努金的到来感到兴奋渴望,却迟举拉马努金发表论文,无处不表现出数学家特有的严谨治学风格。他本已是享誉世界的知名数学家,依然折服于拉马努金天才神启般的数学理论。试图求证数学的精准,证明天才真的是天才,协助拉马努金反复周旋在三一学院众多数学家之间,以期获得认同。不巧,第一次世界大战爆发,英国卷入战争。拉马努金幸免于直击战事,却不幸于艰难的求证旋涡。间中,妻子的来信被母亲扣押,失联。生活困苦的他屡屡受挫,意志消沉。哈代毫无觉察,拉马努金怒火中烧,身染结核。

影片冗杂,多线叙事不清不楚,毫无重点,混乱令其无聊。与其说是以拉马努金为主的传记片,不如说是哈代与拉马努金携手的日常。师徒之间,亦师亦友,偶有一些玄乎其玄的地方,观众若是数学学渣,就很难理解他俩和三一学院教授们的精彩对撞。

比如,探讨对于素数计数函数 π(x),有一个比 x/ln(x) 更好的逼近函数 Li(x) 那时计算出的 Li(n) 总是大于 π(n),因此猜测可能对任意自然数也成立 后来 Littlewood 证明不是这样的,π(n) 可以反超 Li(n),只不过反超点对应的自然数 n 极其巨大,大概在10的316次方量级,远超那时的计算能力(应该也远超现在的能力)。这就是为什么剧中有一段哈代问拉马努金,你算过几百万,你有算过万亿吗?实际上,哈代极力从严要求他求证理论的精准,因为直觉并不总是可靠的。

再譬如,最终帮助拉马努金获得三一学院院士资格的是他的“整数拆分”,简单的可以理解的拆分是4的划分等于5,就是4的组合方式有五种:1+1+1+1,3+1,2+1+1,2+2,和 4。看起来很简单,但如果把划分数字涨到100,就会有204226种不同的方法。数学家麦克马洪用了几周手算出来,现在能用公式解决,代入任意数就能得出拆分结果,这多么魔性呵。拉马努金最终成功的证明自己,质数定理和整数拆分,通过简洁公式将数的规律找到和演算。

拉马努金对自己的天赋认知,影片传达的是他对神的赤诚,当他带着荣誉回到印度,一年之后,哈代收到他去世的消息,悲恸不已。如果没有哈代,拉马努金穷其一生,也许也只是活在印度市井中的普通职员。活着的拉马努金可以任性地穿越草坪不再受到指责,不知死去的拉马努金有没有预见到他当时的数学理论,百年之后才应用到宇宙黑洞的研究中。

最后,带有主观偏见,饰演哈代的Jeromy Irons一如既往不错;对饰演拉玛努金的英籍印度裔DevPatel印象还停留在贫民窟的百万富翁中,毫无亮色。可以说,《知无涯者》我给及格 分,而触动最深的,则数英国老板对拉玛努金的那句:你的能力最好有你自尊心的一半。

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